Vitalik Buterin says public-key cryptography may need one or two more parameter upgrades
- —Buterin flagged possible weakening of lattice schemes ML-DSA and Falcon within two years due to AI math progress
- —He proposed increasing lattice key sizes by a factor of ten for encryption outside blockchain
- —Buterin favors hash-based signatures WOTS and SPHINCS+ in Ethereum's Lean roadmap
- —Cardano founder Charles Hoskinson pushed back, citing no concrete evidence of lattice vulnerabilities
Why it matters: The debate shapes Ethereum's preparation for quantum and AI threats, with the 2027 Hegotá upgrade setting the direction for post-quantum schemes.
Source: Crypto Briefing